"And all to spite me! By Erin Vanderhoof. Royal Couples Who Have Divorced or Split up Over the Years Home | Royal Palace - Bali Charles remarried the Duchess of Cornwall, while Anne found love again with Timothy Laurence.. The Queen's daughter married Captain Mark Phillips at Westminster Abbey in 1973 and had two children together, Peter and Zara Phillips. (Amanah, Surabaya, tth), Marwati Djoenoed Poesponegoro dan Nugroho Notosusanto. During the Dutch East Indies period, the colonial capital of Bali and Lesser Sunda Islands was located in Singaraja on the northern coast. Royal Palace of Blah Batuh. Since 1999, she has been married to Prince Ernst August on Hanover, though they separated in 2009 and essentially live separate lives. Because of its proximity and close cultural relations with the neighbouring Java island during the Indonesian Hindu-Buddhist period, the history of Bali Kingdom was often intertwined and heavily influenced by its Javanese counterparts, from Mataram c. 9th century to Majapahit empire in 13th to 15th centuries. In 1981, they announced their separation, finalising their divorce in 1992. Given the increasingly lax nature of expectations around questions of divorce, the sovereign will be much more sympathetic and flexible in the future, she says. As one of the older members of the friend group, 48-year-old Bali has a bit of a longer history than her castmates, including the history of her two ex-husbands. Expatriate Divorce In Indonesia - Divorce - Indonesia - Mondaq The union only lasted two years, and they divorced in 1980. The couple sacrificed the royal lifestyle to raise and educated their three children in Australia, where Prince Tjokorda Raka was forced to undertake jobs as a gardener and a waiter to pay the bills. FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. S. O. Robson, 'The Ancient Capital of Bali', This page was last edited on 25 September 2022, at 06:01. The second son of Denmark's Queen Margrethe II, Prince Joachim married his first wife, Alexandra, in 1995. Meghan Markle, Prince Harry suffered Hollywood - Foxnews.com Markle was also divorcedher two-year-long marriage to producer Trevor Engelson ended in. But this delicate balance end when Udara ask help to Portugal in Malacca and led Adipati Yunus of Demak to attack both Malacca and Daha. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Following Hayam Wuruk's death in 1389, Majapahit entered a steady period of decline with conflict over succession, among other was Regreg war (1404 to 1406).[8]. Dubai princess gets record $720 million divorce payout - Washington Post And divorce is no doubt a healthier solution to a loveless royal marriage than the traditional solutions related by religious scholar and priest Oliver O'Donovan to The Washington Post: "mistresses and poison.". It would be somewhat hypocritical at this point [for them] to invoke the old standard, she says. His wife Asri (daughter of a former private secretary to the NSW Governor) is a firebrand in Bali's hotel . If not, all bets are off. In the 1890s, divorce was still considered scandalous, and Queen Victoria forbade her daughter, Princess Victoria, from ending her arranged marriage to Grand Duke Ernst of Hesse, despite her misery and questions about his sexuality, according to HistoryExtra. See also: Hasan Djafar, Girindrawardhana, 1978, p. 50. "I have been judged all my life, and I have no judgment on the Sussexes," Fergie told . Carolines trial in the court of public opinion essentially launched the tabloids obsession with royals. New Zealand-born Gary was the first person of Mori descent to marry into the royal family, and the couple went on to welcome two children, Senna Kowhai and Tane Mahuta. Several carvings of stupas, stupikas (small stupas), and image of Boddhisattvas suggested that Warmadewa dynasty was the patron of Mahayana Buddhism. [19] Kingdom of Gelgel immediately supported Blambangan as a buffer against the Islamic expansion of Muslim Mataram. The 23-year-old kindergarten teacher from Sydney with a degree in child psychology became a princess but before she moved into a palace that had no running water, electricity or a phone, both she and her husband-to-be faced intense scrutiny. The late Queen tried hard to keep Harry . And that billion-dollar number is exactly where the Dubai royal family is at in their current divorce settlement. The couple married in September 2006 when their first child Prince Gabriel was six months old. Their 1981 wedding appeared to be the start of a modern fairy tale, but there were cracks in the relationship from the beginning. Princess Anne recovered quickly from the split: She married her second and current husband, Timothy Laurence, later that year. Divorce is never fun besides the heartache of breaking up with someone you thought you'd love for life, there's the administrative torture of working out a divorce settlement, not to mention the humiliation of knowing your friends and acquaintances are all gossiping behind your back about how and why your marriage crashed and burned. But, if your royal marriage fizzles, so can your right to hold on to your royal title. READ:11 shocking royal moments that stunned the world. Thus, when royal marriages start to go south, bailing out immediately is rarely an option. And thanks to theRoyal Marriages Act of 1772, the sitting monarch had to approve the marriage of any descendant of George II, and if they didnt, both houses of Parliament had to do it instead. In mid-January, one of the royal . Prince Louis, meanwhile, is engaged to Scarlett-Lauren Sirgue. 1296-1300), Mahaguru Dharmottungga Warmadewa (before 1324-1328), ri Astasura Ratna Bumi Banten (fl. This set the stage for his infamous series of marriages and divorces. Take a look back at some of the most high-profile royal divorces through the years. The Queen's nephew, David Armstrong-Jones and his wife Serena have "amicably agreed" to separate, a spokesperson for the couple told Insider. The rulers of Klungkung, known by the title Dewa Agung, were however unable to maintain power over Bali. In deference to public opinion, Camilla agreed to settle for the title "HRH the Princess Consort" once Charles becomes king. WATCH: Royal love stories: how did these couples meet? [4] The stone cave temple and bathing place of Goa Gajah, near Ubud in Gianyar, was made around the same period. Nor did Church of England doctrine: Until 2002, the church would not recognize the marriage of any divorced person whose ex-spouse was still living. Mar 3, 2023, 01:18 PM EST. He and his mother now own one of the most popular tea houses in the upmarket region of Seminyak. Bali High Wedding will air on ABC1 Sunday, July 24 at 8.30pm. The marriage ended in divorce two years later. 1332-1337), Dewa Agung Jambe I (1686-c. 1722) [son or kinsman of Dalem Di Made], Dewa Agung akti (c. 1760-1790; deposed, died c. 1814) [son], Dewa Agung Putra I Kusamba (c. 1790-1809) [son], Dewa Agung Putra III Bhatara Dalem (18511903) [grandson of Dewa Agung Sakti], Dewa Agung Oka Geg (19291951, died 1964) [nephew], Gusti Agung Made Alangkajeng (1722-c. 1740) [son], Gusti Agung Made Munggu (1740s-1770/80) [brother], Gusti Agung Putu Agung (1770/80-1793/94) [son], Gusti Agung Ngurah Made Agung I (18071823) [son of Gusti Agung Putu Agung], Gusti Agung Ngurah Made Agung II Putra (18291836) [son], Gusti Agung Ketut Besakih (1836-1850/55) [brother], Gusti Agung Ngurah Made Agung III (18591891) [descendant of Gusti Agung Putu Mayun], Gusti Ngurah Langwang (Prabhu Singasana) [son], Gusti Ngurah Tabanan (Prabhu Winalwan) [son], Gusti Made Pamedekan (1647-c. 1650) [brother], Gusti Ngurah Tabanan (Prabhu Winalwanan) (second time, c. And if you're a high-profile person who's always in the public eye, the stresses and potential for humiliation are multiplied. The Significance of the Latest Divorces Roiling the Royal Family - E To revist this article, visit My Profile, then View saved stories. 12 Royal Family Members You Didn't Know Were Divorced In 1498, vice regent Udara usurped Girindrawardhana and the war between Demak and Daha recede. Why it's vital the royal family came around on divorce | CNN Charles and Diana's marriage broke down and the pair were leading separate lives by 1992, with their divorce finalised in 1996. Though this couple never split, they impacted the divorce issue for royals more than anyone since King Henry VIII. The prince and the countess were divorced in April 2005 after nearly ten years of marriage. Now, says Chernock, divorce is more the norm than the exception, at least for the current members of the royal family. According to the Sun, the separation came as a surprise to Peter. The Javanese Majapahit empire influenced Bali both culturally and politically. Three of the Queen's children went through a divorce - Prince Charles to Princess Diana, Princess Anne to Mark Phillips and Prince Andrew to Sarah Ferguson. Prince Harry and Meghan Markle have finalized their divorce from the British Royal Family. The Dutch used the pretext of eradicating opium smuggling, arms running, Balinese tawan karang tradition (plunder of shipwrecks), and slavery to impose their control on Balinese kingdoms. The couple were married in a fairy-tale wedding at St Paul's Cathedral in 1981 and became parents to sons Prince William and Prince Harry in 1982 and 1984 respectively. Sadly, Casiraghi was killed in a speed boat accident in October 1990. But as Beyer would soon realize, Finchs past wasnt what she claimedand Beyers own difficult history was up for the taking. This event led to the war between Sultanate of Demak and Daha, since Demak ruler, Raden Patah, were the descendant of Kertabhumi. Royal divorce wasn't common in the past March 01, 2022 - 17:39 GMT Bridie Wilkins When the Duke and Duchess of Sussex announced their plans to marry in 2018, many discussions turned to the fact. Looking for more? Ubud's First Family of Royal Indokrupuk - NOW! Bali David inherited the title of Earl of Snowdon following the 2017 death of his father, photographer Antony Armstrong-Jones. The Sheikh has been compelled by a London . This is the first divorce in the Queen's immediate family since two couples, Prince Charles and Princess Diana and the Duke and Duchess of York, formally parted ways in 1996. Peliatan Royal Palace: All You Need to Know BEFORE You Go - Tripadvisor Crowning Ceremony. Royal DIVORCE: Lady Davina Windsor separates from husband after 14 Royal Couples Who Have Gotten Divorced - Peoplemag Both were unfaithful throughout their 14-year union, but stuck with it because, as Diana said, they "didn't want to disappoint the public." "Believe me, the biggest stars will knock over their own grandmothers to be photographed standing next to Harry and Meghan on the red carpet," Andersen continued. Elizabeth okayed the marriage, ushering in a new era of attitudes toward divorce within the royal family. Mahendradatta was the daughter of king Sri Makutawangsawarddhana, and sister of king Dharmawangsa of Mataram Kingdom. Airlangga's younger brothers Marakata and later Anak Wungu rose to the Balinese throne. Ultimately, she abandoned the relationship, possibly because she would have had to give up her ability to succeed to the throne. His youngest brother Dalem Ketut founded a new royal seat in Gelgel while Samprangan lapsed in obscurity.[17]. Offers may be subject to change without notice. The couple announced the move through their spokesperson Gerald Franklin. The Royal Family. The historical period in Bali started c. 8th century, marked by the discovery of inscribed Buddhist votive clay tablets. Buckingham Palace has confirmed to Variety that the couple won't be returning as working members of Were sorry, this feature is currently unavailable. 1730) [son of Anglurah Ketut Karangasem], Anglurah Made Karangasem akti (Bagawan Atapa Rare) (1730s) [son of Anglurah Made Karang], Anglurah Made Karangasem (1730s-1775) [son], Gusti Gede Ngurah Karangasem (17751806) [grandson], Gusti Gede Ngurah Lanang (18061822) [nephew], Gusti Gede Ngurah Pahang (1822) [grandson of Gusti Gede Ngurah Karangasem], Gusti Gede Ngurah Lanang (second time 1822-1828; died 1837), Gusti Bagus Karang (18281838; died 1839) [son of Gusti Gede Ngurah Karangasem], Gusti Gede Ngurah Karangasem (18381849) [nephew], Gusti Made Jungutan (Gusti Made Karangasem) (vassal ruler 1849-1850) [former, Gusti Gede Putu (vassal ruler 1850-1893) [nephew of Lombok raja], Gusti Gede Oka (vassal ruler 1850-1890) [brother], Gusti Gede Jelantik (18901908; died 1916) [brother], Gusti Agung Basangtamiang (17th century) [son of Gelgel minister Gusti Agung Widya], Gusti Gede Andul (first half of the 18th century) [son], Gusti Ngurah Agung Jembrana (mid 18th century) [grandson of Gusti Agung Sakti of Mengwi], Gusti Putu Andul (before 1797-1809) [son], Kapitan Patimi (regent, Buginese, c. 1805-1808), Gusti Wayahan Pasekan (regent c. 1812-1814), Gusti Made Pasekan (regent c. 1812-1814) [brother], Gusti Putu Sloka (18091835) [son of Gusti Putu Andul], Gusti Putu Dorok (regent c. 1835-1840) [great-grandson of Gusti Ngurah Batu], Gusti Made Penarungan (regent c. 1840-1849), Gusti Ngurah Made Pasekan (regent c. 1840-1849), Gusti Putu Ngurah Sloka (18491855; died 1876) [son of Gusti Putu Sloka], Anak Agung Made Rai (regent 1867-1882; died 1905) [grandson of Gusti Putu Andul], Gusti Panji Wayahan Danurdarastra (1697/99-1732) [son], Gusti Ngurah Panji (in Sukasadda c. 1757/65) [son], Anak Agung Rai (?-1806) [son of Gusti Gede Ngurah Karangasem], Gusti Gede Ngurah Pahang (18181822) [son], Gusti Made Oka Sori (18221825) [nephew of Gusti Gede Karang], Gusti Ngurah Made Karangasem (18251849) [nephew of Gusti Gede Karang], Gusti Made Rai (1849, 18511853) [great-great-grandson of Gusti Ngurah Panji], Gusti Ngurah Ketut Jelantik (18541873; regency 1853-1861; died 1893) [descended from Gusti Ngurah Jelantik]. She married her bodyguard, Daniel Ducruet, pictured here, in 1995, after they had two children together. Don't Expect 'Family Karma' Anisha Ramakrishna's Hubby to Appear on the Show, Monica of 'Family Karma' Shares an Update About Rish: "Every Relationship Comes With Its ups and Downs" (EXCLUSIVE). This diplomatic letter of friendship and trade agreement was mistranslated as Balinese recognition of Dutch overlordship and was subsequently used by the Dutch to lay their claims to the island. But leaving the royal family can come with some cushy consolation prizes, depending on how your ex and the rest of the royal family feel about you. This policy increased Majapahit economy and influence, but weaken Hindu - Buddha's position as the main religion, as Islam began to spread faster and freely in Java. The couple have two sons together, Prince Nikolai and Prince Felix, and Joachim went on to marry Marie Cavallier in 2008. Although the VOC centred in Batavia (now Jakarta) was very active in the Maluku Islands, Java and Sumatra, it took little interest in Bali, as the VOC was more interested in the spice trade, a produce scarce in Bali which was mainly a rice agriculture kingdom. Marrying a divorced person was taboo among the British monarchy for hundreds of years. With a history of native Balinese kingship spanning from the early 10th to early 20th centuries, Balinese kingdoms demonstrated sophisticated Balinese court culture where native elements of spirit and ancestral reverence combined with Hindu influences adopted from India through ancient Java intermediary flourished, enriched and shaped the Balinese culture. Prince Tjok Gus Kerthyasa and television star Happy Salma. The Queen's third child, Prince Andrew, married Sarah Ferguson, whom he knew from childhood, in July 1986. The divorce never went through, but its effect on the monarchy was disastrous. In January 2017, the couple announced their separation but their divorce wasn't finalised until April 2019., Tessy married hersecond husband, Swiss businessman Frank Floessel in July 2021 and the couple welcomed their first child together a month later.. MORE:Royal relationships: the challenge of marrying someone from another country, The Queen's sister married photographer Antony Armstrong-Jones in 1960, with their first child David arriving the following year and daughter Lady Sarah in 1964. He's even mom-approved which is a pretty big deal because, as Bali told the SunSentinel, she once worried that she would not be accepted because of her status as a twice-divorced woman. If you split from the royal family today, it's a pretty good bet you'll walk away alive, thank goodness. "They now have to consult with me, because I've been living in the West that has given me a new perspective in the modern times without losing the essence of our culture," he said. By the early 20th century, the Dutch has completed their conquest of Bali as these minor kingdoms fell under their control, either by force resulted in Puputan fighting followed by mass ritual suicide, or surrendered graciously to the Dutch. You can walk away with a generous settlement (as Princess Diana did following her divorce from Prince Charles, according to The New York Times) or literally lose your head (as did Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, the second and fifth wives of King Henry VIII, as noted by History.com). Then there was the question of her title: According to the Express, a 2015 poll showed that 55% of the British public did not feel she should become queen when Charles ascends to the throne and among those in this cohort are Charles' children, Prince William and Prince Harry. Parliament's refusal to accept Simpson as Queen consort led Edward to abdicate. Bali Royal Family Tree You Will Like These Detail - FamilyTreeX ", This was not only galling because it was unnecessary (according to PopSugar, the queen was happy to let Diana keep the HRH honorific, but Charles wasn't), but also because it had a very real impact on how they would live their future lives and relate to their former in-laws. MORE:9 times the royals have apologised in public. Since at least 2016, Bali has been in a happy relationship with a man by the name of O'Malley Dreisbach, a businessman from Kentucky with a passion for Olympic weightlifting. By marrying her against his elected governments will, Edward would have undermined faith in the British Parliament, so he abdicated instead. Rules Royals Have To Follow When Getting Divorced. 16 times the royal family couldn't . Peter and Autumn Phillips are separating after 11 years of marriage. 1691-1692) [brother], Anglurah Made Karang [son of Anglurah Nengah Karangasem], Gusti Wayahan Karangasem (fl. Queen Elizabeth's eldest grandson Peter Phillips and his wife Autumn met in 2003 in her hometown of Montreal at the Formula One Grand Prix before they wed at St. Georges Chapel at Windsor Castle in 2008. In following centuries, the various kingdoms fought a succession of incessant wars among themselves, although they accorded the Dewa Agung a symbolic paramount status of Bali. A request for $42 million to replace the haute couture wardrobe she was forced to leave behind in Dubai was cut to $1.3 million because, the judge said, he was unable to put a price on the items . Either way, despite some of these Balinese royal houses still surviving, these events ended a millennium of the native Balinese independent kingdoms, as the local government changed to Dutch colonial administration, and later to provincial government of Bali within the Republic of Indonesia. Love and loss may be universal, but for those leaving the royal family, divorce isn't as simple as signing a few papers and getting on with your life. [5] This expedition seems to have integrated Bali into Singhasaris realm. Since the mid-19th century, the colonial state of Dutch East Indies began its involvements in Bali, as they launched their campaign against Balinese minor kingdoms one by one. Since then, monarchs have pledged to upholdthe religious tenets of the Church of England at their coronations. Their second son was born in September 2007. One such socialite is Bali Chainani, a sales and marketing executive of a flower distributor and a single mom. After seven months of battles, Majapahit forces defeated the Balinese king in Bedulu (Bedahulu) in 1343. (And Ernst isn't shy about flaunting his relationships with other women.). The couple's relationship had broken down by the 1970s, with Margaret increasingly spending more time on the private Caribbean island of Mustique. The Swedish Royal family pose for their annual photo, summer 2021. Bali says goodbye with style to the last princess John Aglionby in Ubud Sat 24 Jul 2004 19.38 EDT It was a painstakingly prepared farewell to a much-loved and revered 94-year-old princess. After the empire fell to its Muslim vassal of Demak Sultanate, a number of Hindu Majapahit courtiers, nobles, priests and artisans, found refuge on the island of Bali. Civil divorce became possible starting in 1857, but standards did not change for monarchs. Because the Church of England frowns on remarriage after divorce, she and Charles were officially married in a civil ceremony, which the queen did not attend, according to PopSugar. An Insider in Dubai's royal family has broken his silence to tell how Sheikh Maktoum's multi-million pound divorce battle with his estranged wife Princess Haya in the British courts will expose . Prince Tjok Gus is the son of the head of Bali's royal family, Prince Tjokorda Raka, and his wife Princess Asri - an Australian kindergarten teacher formerly known as Jane Gillespie. In 1585, the Portuguese government in Malacca sent a ship to establish a fort and a trading post in Bali, but the mission failed as ship foundered on the reef of the Bukit peninsula. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! In East Java, Majapahit under the reign of queen regnant Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi and her able and ambitious Prime Minister Gajah Mada, saw the expansion of Majapahit armada into neighbouring islands in Indonesian archipelago including nearby Bali. After Diana and Charles divorced, Diana not only received a settlement, but also the right to keep her apartment in Kensington Palace. Ms Gillespie now goes by her adopted name, Asri, meaning "perfect". Princess Margaret's romantic history is brimming with divorce-fueled drama. Anak Agung Putu Jelantik (regent 1929-1938; Anak Agung Ngurah Ketut Jelantik (19471950; died 1970) [brother], Dewa Manggis II Pahang (chief of Pahang) [son], Dewa Manggis III Bengkel (chief of Bengkel) [son], Dewa Manggis IV Jorog (Raja of Gianyar c. 1771-1788) [son], Dewa Manggis V di Madya (c. 1788-1820) [son], Dewa Manggis VI di Rangki (c. 1820-1847) [son], Dewa Manggis VII di Satria (18471884; died 1891) [son], Dewa Manggis VIII (Dewa Gede Raka until 1908) (18961912) [brother], Dewa Agung Anom (Raja of Sukawati before 1713-1733), Dewa Agung Gede Mayun Dalem Patemon (1733-before 1757) [son], Dewa Agung Made Pliatan (second half of 18th century) [brother], Cokorda Gede Sukawati (before 1889-1919) [son], Cokorda Gede Agung Sukawati (19311950; died 1978) [brother], Prabhu Bandana, Arya Notor Wanira (17th century) [son of Shri Magade Nata, King of Tabanan], Gusti Macan Gading (1683-?) married her bodyguard, Daniel Ducruet, pictured here, in 1995. Bali was looked on as the continuation of the Hindu Javanese culture and is the major source of knowledge about it in the modern times. Lady Davina and her siblings Alexander, Earl of Ulster, and Lady Rose, were born to Prince Richard and. A merchant flag attributed to Bali, shown in European sources from the 18th century, also with six stripes. Princess Caroline and Parisian banker Philippe tied the knot in a lavish ceremony in Monaco in 1978, attended by Hollywood stars, including Ava Gardner, Cary Grant and Frank Sinatra. He received a Javanese Brahmin sage called Nirartha who fled from the decline of Hinduism in Java. (The queen did, however, attend a private "blessing" ceremony afterward.). It shows a combination of Buddhist and Hindu Shivaite iconography. When Prince Harry wed Meghan Markle in 2018, he didnt just break the mold by marrying an American actress. His marriage to Simpson caused a constitutional crisis because Simpson was divorced and was then seeking a second divorce. Ivan Dmitri/Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images and Chris Jackson/Getty Images. But he was better known to his Aussie mates as surfer and avid photographer "Max". at the time with a short message, stating: "Lady Davina and Gary Lewis were divorced last year [2018].". These Buddhist votive tablets, found in small clay stupa figurines called "stupikas", are the first known written inscriptions in Bali and date from around the 8th century CE. Bali hasn't shared much about this relationship on the show, but in the exclusive clip, she reveals that her ex-husband is the main reason for her having to move out of her house. This law gave monarchs massive control over their families love lives, and it came into play when royals tried to marry divorced people. Inside the breakdown of Harrys relationship with the queen All of the looks from the Golden Globes 2020 red carpet Royal family hurt and devastated by Harry and Meghans bombshell exit Elizabeth Wurtzels unfinished work Meet Carole Ghosn, the wife ensnared in Carloss saga Emilia Clarke on life after Khaleesi From the Archive: Dianas revenge. Public relations experts say a wise strategy when public figures get divorced especially when it's your fault is to be transparent and just fess up. Today, royal divorces raise eyebrows, but no longer constitute a crisis. Within the royal family, it became nearly impossible to divorce or marry someone whose previous marriage had ended. The third son of Grand Duke Henri and Grand Duchess Maria Teresa of Luxembourg, Prince Louis, met his future wife Tessyin 2004. Sejarah Nasional Indonesia. Singhawikramawardhana was succeeded by his son Ranawijaya in 1474, that ruled from Daha. In 1894, the Dutch used the Sasak rebellion against Balinese ruler of western Lombok, as a pretext to interfere and conquer Lombok. Sri Kesari is first known ruler to bear the Warmadewa title, which was used by rulers for several generations prior to Javanese expansion. This break from the Roman Catholic Church meant that the British monarch, not the pope, was the official head of the church in Britain. The family's reign dates back to the 1890's. I Gusti Ged Putu served as the Regent of Karangasem from 1849-1890. A Princess' Story: Meet Jero Asri Kerthyasa - Indonesia Expat The Kingdomship of Bali was a series of Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms that once ruled some parts of the volcanic island of Bali, in Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia.With a history of native Balinese kingship spanning from the early 10th to early 20th centuries, Balinese kingdoms demonstrated sophisticated Balinese court culture where native elements of spirit and ancestral reverence combined with .
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